Reporting back for the update with Majove install:
Tried the "boot-arg -igfxveda" option, no difference.
Also tried NullCPUPowerManagement, also no difference. However, I wasn't sure if the kext was actually loaded during install.
So, I switched to the High Sierra Guide, on my E6220 unit (i5-2540m CPU).
My 1st attempt, using the original EFI from the guide, I encountered kernel panic. My guess this was due to mismatched CPU PM. Wanted to try NullCPUPowerManagement, but wasn't sure how to do the following - "The kext just needs to be added to /Library/Extensions followed by permissions repair/cache rebuild", for an USB install.
So, in the end, I ended in DosDude1's Catalina patcher, mentioned in your Catalina Guide, and an EFI folder (Clover setup) from another googled link. I was able to get a working Catalina on this E6220.
I still want to try your guide here with all the impressive enabled features. So I created CPU PM for i5-2540m CPU using the working Catalina setup, and then dropped it in the High Sierra EFI folder. Started the High Sierra install, this time it went smoothly and succeeded! So, all it needs is the correct CPU PM file, just as your guide suggested.
I also tried this new CPU PM file on the Majove install, still stuck at the same point. So the issue is not CPU PM related.
Anyway, I am attaching the CPU PM file here for i5-2540m, in case someone else need it.
Update: Using your provided CPU PM for i7-2640m CPU (#2 post above), I was successful with High Sierra install. on my 2nd E6220.
Will report back more later.
Thanks!
ssdt-i5-2540m.aml.zip