Bronxteck

use the alcid= bootflag. put your id after the = symbol

https://github.com/Goldfish64/DiskArbitrationFixup

you can try adding igfxonln=1 weg flag

you can try the WEG boot flags igfxonln=1 for sleep issue and / or igfxcflbklt=1 for backlight

if you are stuck at waiting on root you can try another usb port if it is the usb installer you are stuck at. if it's on the hard drive then it may be you have a problematic nvme drive if that's what you have.

you can try the find and replace patches at the bottom of this post https://www.insanelymac.com/forum/files/file/815-appleahciportkext/

maybe you need to find a kext or a patch for your sata controller. is your sata set to AHCI in bios?

if your using usb device then maybe you need to check there. bt is also connected via internal usb.

so it boots from usb but not internal drive. then the problem might be it does not see your internal volume. what type of drive is it?

as for the firmware update using cd roms. usualy you use an app that can boot from an iso or converts an iso to a usb bootable device. and boot of of that.

do you have more than one EFI volume maybe on a secondary drive?

maybe you are on a different bios version than what the boot pack was created for.

if you can get to desktop. then go to system settings and set your startup disk to the one you want to boot from then reboot. see if that helps.

the smbios you are using might be blacklisted for big sur install add -no_compat_check boot flag and see if it passes that error

Hi leppy! nice to know 2020 hasn't got you nice to see you around.

in the link it says you can do it in a dos enviroment.

Procedure
1. Go into the DOSsub-directory.
2. Insert a blank CD-R disc into your CD/DVD R/W drive.
3. Burn the ISO image into a CD-R media.
4. Insert the CD-R (created from the above steps) into the CD-ROM/DVD drive in the target system.
5. Boot your system from the CD/DVD drive (for instructions, please refer to the manual that came with your system).
6. Please select the targeted drive once your system boots into DOS.
7. The next screen is a warning message. It states the risks and reminds user to backup important files before proceeding. Please click "Y" to proceed.
8. Firmware upgrade will proceed. When the firmware upgrade process completes, the user will be prompted to reboot the machine. Remove the CD-R from your CD/DVD drive, and reboot your system. It will boot into Windows.
9. To confirm the firmware update was successful, open Device manager -> open SSD -> click Properties -> choose hardware ID under Details and check the firmware version.

use an external mouse and keyboard if you have one. that should get you through till you can install the kext.

maybe try updating the firmware for it https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-us/drivers/driversdetails?driverid=ycjg9&oscode=wt64a&productcode=latitude-e7450-ultrabook

that seems to be a common issue with Microsoft teams not really a "hackintosh" issue as it happens with real macs as well. you can try what they do and that is Disable Hardware Acceleration from Teams app > Settings > General.

if you believe it to be hack related then you can try whichever weg flags you think sound like your issue https://github.com/acidanthera/WhateverGreen

what type of hard drive is it. Sata, M.2, NVME ? what model?

there has been changes to clover https://www.insanelymac.com/forum/topic/304530-clover-change-explanations/?page=7&tab=comments#comment-2740755

you can also try this free alternative https://github.com/bitgapp/eqMac

did you set PPP? last tab on your first picture

why dont you take the time to read and update yours and share it for others here Mr jony. 

check your nvram variables for -v with hackintool

do you really need so many kexts? try cleaning up some of them if not needed first.