cpus=1 is for tscsync issues we use a kext for that... -v is for verbose output (black screen that shows booting sequence), -f bypasses catches and loads all kexts, -x is equivelent to "safe mode" also bypasses/ rebuilds mkext and performs a disk/permissions check... loads minimal drivers, -s is single user mode. so -v -x is a good place to start. like example: -v -x PciRoot=1 GeneratePStates=Yes GenerateCStates=Yes all in one line at chameleon prompt